Advanced … min read · Updated 2026-06-20

Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS) & Their Functions

Coordinating conjunctions join two equal parts (words, phrases, or independent clauses). Remember them as FANBOYS: For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.

ConjunctionFunctionExample
andaddsI like tea and coffee.
butcontrastsIt's small but strong.
orgives a choiceTea or coffee?
soshows a resultIt rained, so we stayed in.
forgives a reasonHe left, for he was tired.
yetcontrastsIt's old yet useful.
noradds a negativeShe doesn't sing, nor does she dance.

When a coordinating conjunction joins two full sentences, put a comma before it: I was tired, so I slept.

Common mistake: Comma splices — joining two sentences with only a comma. Use a conjunction: "It was late, so we left," not "It was late, we left."

✏️ Test Yourself

1. I was hungry, ___ I ate.

2. He is rich ___ unhappy.

3. Do you want tea ___ coffee?

4. She studied hard, ___ she passed.

📒 Words to learn

Equity (n)

MeaningThe quality of being fair and impartial.

The court strives to ensure equity in all its rulings.

Assimilate (v)

MeaningTo absorb and integrate people, ideas, or culture into a wider society or culture.

It took time for the immigrants to assimilate into their new community.

Amendment (n)

MeaningA minor change or addition designed to improve a text or piece of legislation.

The proposed amendment to the law aims to protect consumer rights.

Legislator (n)

MeaningA person who makes laws; a member of a legislative body.

The legislator introduced a new bill to improve education funding.

Conceal (v)

MeaningTo keep something from sight; to hide.

She tried to conceal her disappointment when she didn't get the job.

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