Past Perfect
Use had + past participle for an action completed before another past action.
The train had left before I reached the station.
She had finished dinner when he arrived.
I realised I had forgotten my keys.
Past perfect shows the earlier of two past actions; the later action is in the past simple. Often used with before, after, when, by the time.
Common mistake: Using past perfect for a single past action. Use it only when you need to show one action happened before another.
✏️ Test Yourself
1. He ___ (go) home before it rained.
2. They ___ (eat) before we came.
3. She ___ (finish) when he called.
4. I ___ (never / see) snow before that day.
📒 Words to learn
“Zamur is sliding outside the home.”
“He whistles during class.”
“He invented an innovative car.”
“Grammar is essential for us.”
“Teachers always motivated their students.”