Uses of All Perfect Tenses
The perfect tenses use have/has/had/will have + past participle and link two times together.
| Tense | Form | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present perfect | have/has + p.p. | past action with present link | I have finished. |
| Past perfect | had + p.p. | earlier of two past actions | She had left before I came. |
| Future perfect | will have + p.p. | done before a future time | By June I will have graduated. |
Present perfect — key uses
Unfinished time / experience: I have seen that film. She has lived here for years.
With ever / never: Have you ever been to Turbat? — No, I've never been.
have been (went and returned) vs have gone (went, still away): She has gone to Turbat (still there) vs I have been to the shop (back now).
With since / for / just / yet / already: I've worked here since 2010. We've just arrived.
Tip: Don't use the present perfect with a finished past time. Say "I saw him yesterday," not "I have seen him yesterday."
Common mistake: Mixing have been and have gone: "Where have you gone?" (you'd still be away) → ask "Where have you been?" when the person is back.
✏️ Test Yourself
1. By 8 p.m. they ___ (leave).
2. She ___ (live) here since 2015.
3. He ___ (finish) before we arrived.
4. Where ___ you ___ ? (you're back now)
📒 Words to learn
Meaning — meet or find someone or something by chance.
“I came across with friend’s picture.”
Meaning — a feeling of revulsion or strong disapproval aroused by something unpleasant or offensive
“She disgusts me.”
“He was looking at his baby’s refulgent face.”
“They had regulated the works with some extreme rules.”
“The abundance of issues caused him a serious heart attack.”