The Discussion Essay
A discussion essay (also called a "for and against" essay) examines both sides of an issue and then concludes by saying which side you favour. A balanced view is essential — this is what distinguishes it from a one-sided argumentative or persuasion essay. Keep facts and opinions clearly separated, and support points with paraphrase, summary, and citations.
| Component | Stage |
|---|---|
| General statements | Introduction |
| Position (the writer's view) | Introduction |
| Definitions (optional) | Introduction |
| Thesis | Introduction |
| Arguments for (one or more paragraphs) | Main body |
| Arguments against (one or more paragraphs) | Main body |
| Summary | Conclusion |
| Opinion & recommendation | Conclusion |
Model — "Does overseas study benefit students?": introduction defines tertiary education and gives a thesis (benefits: language environment, employability; drawback: high cost); body paragraphs argue for (language, jobs) then against (expense); conclusion summarises and gives the writer's recommendation.
Useful synonyms (avoid repeating): advantage → benefit, positive aspect, pro; disadvantage → drawback, negative aspect, con. Ordering phrases: first of all, in the second place, finally.
Tip: A discussion essay needs a balanced treatment of both sides before you give your opinion in the conclusion. Use synonyms for advantage/disadvantage so your writing doesn't repeat.
Common mistake: Giving only one side. That makes it an argumentative essay, not a discussion essay — present both for and against first.
✏️ Test Yourself
1. A "for and against" essay is also called a ___ essay.
2. A discussion essay must give a ___ view of both sides.
3. The writer's opinion and recommendation belong in the ___ .
4. A synonym for "disadvantage" is ___ .
📒 Words to learn
Meaning — Clear; obvious.
“He has unequivocal evidence of his innocence.”
Meaning — Appearing to be true or real.
“The teacher narrated a verisimilar tale.”
Meaning — Conspicuously and outrageously bad or reprehensible.
“The acts of contemporary leaders are flagrant.”
Meaning — Professing feelings or virtues one does not have.
“It was a hypocritical praise.”
Meaning — In an inscrutable manner.
“They shared money inscrutably.”